The following description of the powers and proper Essays - Fiction

The following description of the powers and properties of various wand woods are taken from notes made, over a long career, by Mr Garrick Ollivander , widely considered the best wandmaker in the world. As will be seen, Mr Ollivander believes that wand wood has almost human powers of perception and preferences. Mr Ollivander introduces his notes on wand woods thus: Every single wand is unique and will depend for its character on the particular tree and magical creature from which it derives its materials. Moreover, each wand, from the moment it finds its ideal owner, will begin to learn from and teach its human partner. Therefore, the following must be seen as general notes on each of the wood types I like to work with best, and ought not to be taken to describe any individual wand. Only a minority of trees can produce wand quality wood (just as a minority of humans can produce magic). It takes years of experience to tell which ones have the gift, although the job is made easier if Bowtruckles are found nesting in the leaves, as they never inhabit mundane trees. The following notes on various wand woods should be regarded very much as a starting point, for this is the study of a lifetime, and I continue to learn with every wand I make and match. Acacia A very unusual wand wood, which I have found creates tricky wands that often refuse to produce magic for any but their owner, and also withhold their best effects from all but those most gifted. This sensitivity renders them difficult to place, and I keep only a small stock for those witches or wizards of sufficient subtlety, for acacia is not suited to what is commonly known as 'bangs-and-smells' magic. When well-matched, an acacia wand matches any for power, though it is often underrated due to the peculiarity of its temperament. Alder Alder is an unyielding wood, yet I have discovered that its ideal owner is not stubborn or obstinate, but often helpful, considerate and most likeable. Whereas most wand woods seek similarity in the characters of those they will best serve, alder is unusual in that it seems to desire a nature that is, if not precisely opposite to its own, then certainly of a markedly different type. When an alder wand is happily placed, it becomes a magnificent, loyal helpmate. Of all wand types, alder is best suited to non-verbal spell work, whence comes its reputation for being suitable only for the most advanced witches and wizards. Apple Applewood wands are not made in great numbers. They are powerful and best suited to an owner of high aims and ideals, as this wood mixes poorly with Dark magic. It is said that the possessor of an apple wand will be well-loved and long-lived, and I have often noticed that customers of great personal charm find their perfect match in an applewood wand. An unusual ability to converse with other magical beings in their native tongues is often found among apple wand owners, who include the celebrated author of Merpeople : A Comprehensive Guide to Their Language and Customs, Dylan Marwood . Ash The ash wand cleaves to its one true master and ought not to be passed on or gifted from the original owner, because it will lose power and skill. This tendency is extreme if the core is of unicorn. Old superstitions regarding wands rarely bear close examination, but I find that the old rhyme regarding rowan, chestnut, ash and hazel wands (rowan gossips, chestnut drones, ash is stubborn, hazel moans) contains a small nugget of truth. Those witches and wizards best suited to ash wands are not, in my experience, lightly swayed from their beliefs or purposes. However, the brash or over-confident witch or wizard, who often insists on trying wands of this prestigious wood, will be disappointed by its effects. The ideal owner may be stubborn, and will certainly be courageous, but never crass or arrogant. Aspen Wand-quality aspen wood is white and fine-grained, and highly prized by all wand-makers for its stylish resemblance to ivory and its usually outstanding charmwork . The proper owner of the aspen wand is

Auditory neuropathy paper Essays

Auditory neuropathy paper Essays Auditory neuropathy paper Essay Auditory neuropathy paper Essay Introduction Auditory neuropathy ( AN ) is defined as a sensorineural hearing upset characterised by an absent or badly unnatural audile brain-stem response ( ABR ) , in malice of integral otoacoustic emanations ( OAEs ) ( Madden et al. 2002 ; ( Dowley et. al 2009 ) . AN is associated with impaired hearing on behavioral pure-tone audiology, absent acoustic physiological reactions, and hapless address acknowledgment, peculiarly in noisy environments ( Dowley et. al 2009 ) . A old survey ( Madden et.al 2002 ) , clinically defines AN as hearing loss, normally bilateral, of any grade ; normal outer hair map as evidenced by the presence of OAEs and/or cochlear microphonics ( CM ) ; unnatural elicited potencies get downing with wave 1 of the ABR ; hapless address perceptual experience ; and absent acoustic physiological reactions to the ipsilateral and contralateral tones at a 110dB hearing degrees. Auditory neuropathy has become recognised in the pediatric population, preponderantly after the debut of newborn hearing showing trials. Although the prevalence of AN is non known, general consensus suggests that bulk of instances lie within the population of neonatal intensive attention unit ( NICU ) graduates ( Khairi et al. 2009 ; Dunkley et Al. 2003 ) . They likely site of AN pathology is the cochlear nervus, and by agencies of rehabilitation utilizing cochlear implants outputs good consequences ( Miyamoto et al. 1999 ; Madden et Al. 2002 ; Raveh et Al. 2007 ) The possible benefit of cochlear nidation in audile neuropathy until now is an unfastened inquiry. A recent survey ( blah bombast ) , suggests that cochlear implants may hold a important function in direction of AN. Cochlear implants provide supraphysiologic electrical stimulation to the auditory nervus and may better the synchronism of the nervous activity ( Raveh et. al 2007 ) . Four old surveies ( Miyamoto et al. 1999 ; Madden et Al. 2002 ; Peterson et Al. 2003 ; Mason et Al. 2003 ) , have reported improved audiological public presentation, good implant evoked brain-stem responses, every bit good as good NRT after nidation. We present two instances of AN, who ab initio presented to our clinic with inborn hearing loss. After assessment these two instances took portion in the Libyan cochlear implant programme ( LCIP ) and were successfully installed with cochlear implants. In this paper we discuss their presentation, audiological consequences, their advancement after nidation and the function of cochlear implants in the direction of auditory neuropathy Subjects Two male patients, aged five and six severally, who presented with inborn hearing loss and were later found to hold preserved OAEs and absent ABRs were analysed. They ab initio presented with ailments of .. These two instances had positive household histories of hearing loss every bit good as akin related parents of the 1st grade. Table 1 illustrates the full profile of both these patients. These two patients were considered Discussion Universal direction of auditory neuropathy up until now is still problematic. Ideally, cochlear implants should be implanted in the first twelvemonth of life in kids with sensorineural hearing loss ( SNHL ) . Yet, a little group of patients with AN demonstrate self-generated betterment during the first twelvemonth of life, proposing that the determination sing cochlear nidation should non be made before the first twelvemonth of life ( Raveh et al.2007 ) . A figure of surveies ( Madden et al. 2002 ; Dowley et Al. 2009 ) highlight the value and necessity of neonatal showing of hearing loss. The combined usage of ABRs and OAE are extremely recommended in the testing of all kids diagnosed as holding SNHL ( Madden et al. 2002 ) . However, some argument surrounds the issue of which mode of appraisal should be used in the showing procedure. Definitive future research on which specific trial is most effectual in the sensing of AN is still needed to specify the ideal probe for in neonatal showing. Due to fiscal deductions, we have been unable to put up any signifier of national, or even local of neonatal showing for hearing loss. However, Consanguinity is really common in some subpopulations in Libya. It is associated with a assortment of inborn upsets, including hearing loss and, as demonstrated here in AN ( Raveh et al.2007 ) .

Analysis of Prompt and Utter Destruction

He contends that because of their lack of knowledge of the actual damage that the force of the explosion would cause, that American politicians including President Truman made a decision based on certain assumptions. Now to address the query, was the assault on Japan with atomic bombs necessary? Samuel J. Walker had always been intrigued by the history surrounding the decision to assail Japan with the use of the atomic bombs. He was so fascinated that he made it a personal assignment to conduct research on the issue in his own time. Walker did not do so as part of his obligation as the historian for the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission. His research reveals that President Truman came into presidency without any absolute knowledge of what was occurring on the part of the United States in the war effort. In addition, the Manhattan Project (the title given to the engineering team that was developing the atomic bomb by Roosevelt) was almost a complete enigma to Truman when he entered his term as President (13). As President, Truman was concerned with ending the war as soon as possible in order to reduce the loss of American troops. It is logical to conclude that any leader would be concerned with the sacrifice of life affecting their country; however, abiding by moral principles must also be considered. The bomb was considered by the American government to be the quickest and most effective way to end the war at the time, in addition to lowering the cost of American lives (36). The reason that the atomic bomb was considered to be very effective was because it had the capability to wipe out an entire city, including troops, men, women, and children. Would an act of this capacity be considered as moral? Scholars dispute the morality of Truman’s decision, some arguing it was warranted by Japan’s aggression and refusal to surrender, and other scholars suggesting that the assaults were the moral equivalent of the Nazi holocaust (109). I postulate that to annihilate an entire city of people in one fell swoop is something that neither man nor nation should be able to decide, even if they conceive the other party to be deserving of such a punishment in retribution for their actions. In addition to the desire to end the war and thus the casualties to the American troops, Truman had other reasons for considering the approval of the atomic attacks. Truman was enlightened by Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson in a meeting on April 25, 1945 on the capability of the bomb, and the enormous expense incurred in developing it. This was one reason that Truman’s conclusion was to use the bomb against Japan, as there had to be a justifiable explanation for the expense incurred. Also, if he had not employed the use of the atomic bomb, he would not be able to justify to the American people why he had chosen not to do so, as there were so many American lives lost. It was alleged after the atomic assaults on Japan the decision to carry out the attacks was made in order to prevent as many as 500,000 to 1 million American casualties or deaths. However, there has been no proof provided that Truman received any information that an invasion on Japan would cause that number of casualties (39). Learning that the presentation of the number of estimated casualties was skewed to ensure a favourable opinion from the majority of the American public solidifies my opinion that the atomic assaults were unnecessary. If they had been necessary, why not be forthcoming about the lesser estimation of casualties? Yet another reason that Truman and his cabinet decided to attack is that American relations with the Soviet Union during that time were becoming strained. It was important to the American government to strengthening the United States’ ties to the Soviet Union. The desire for amicable relations with the Soviet Union was a factor in the conclusion to use the bombs against Japan (95). At the time, the Soviet Union was preparing to declare war against Japan, and joining them or preceding them in the war would apparently strengthen the relationship between the Soviet Union and the United States. The opinion was that the United States was a stronger power and that the Soviet Union would not be able to defeat Japan without U. S. intervention (41). However, with the Soviet Union and the United States working together, Japan would most likely be defeated in a short amount of time, making the atomic assaults on Japan even more unnecessary. Regardless of the option to partner with the Soviet Union, the United States decided to act alone in their attacks. Finally, the most pressing reason that the government and Truman argued that they had to use the bombs was the sentiment of outrage that the American public harboured over the attack on Pearl Harbour and their resulting fury if something had not been done in retaliation to that horrific event (20). In all honesty the American public would have been assuaged with a victory no matter the means by which it was achieved. The American government was fully aware of the fact that there would be civilian casualties, in addition to the soldiers and sailors of Japan (62). Preservation of the lives of the innocent is of the utmost importance. The American government had pronounced that there would be hundreds of thousands of American lives saved due to the bombings, but later statements by Truman stated the numbers to be in the â€Å"thousands†, which coincided with actual estimates from the military in the summer of 1945 (93). Truman and the government opted to save thousands of American soldier’s lives, and kill hundreds of thousands of innocent Japanese men, women and children. In addition to all of the reasons the American government had for dropping the bombs on Japan, they came to the conclusion that there were not any viable reasons presented against doing the atomic assaults which outweighed the reasons in favour of dropping them. However, there were other options for the American government to proceed with in order to secure a victory. There was a planned invasion on Kyushu as well as continued aerial bombings and blockades (36). It is understandable that the American government would want to appease the American public, secure relations with the Soviet Union, justify the expense of developing the bomb, and reduce the cost of American lives, however; the dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was horrendous and morally detestable. The sheer volume of innocent lives lost due to the bombs, as well as the agony caused by the radioactive material, was most assuredly not justified. There would have definitely been many more American troops lost if the bombs were not dropped, but I do not agree that it justifies killing innocent men, women, and children on such a large scale. I particularly enjoyed the way that Walker states it -â€Å"The fundamental question that has triggered debate about Trumans decision since shortly after the end of World War II is, Was the bomb necessary? In view of the evidence now available, the answer is yes . . . and no. Yes, the bomb was necessary to end the war at the earliest possible moment. And yes, the bomb was necessary to save the lives of American troops, perhaps numbering in the several thousands. But no, the bomb was probably not necessary to end the war within a fairly short time without an invasion of Japan. And no, the bomb was not necessary to save the lives of  hundreds  of thousands of American troops† (97). Bibliography Walker, Samuel J. Prompt and Utter Destruction: Truman and the use of atomic bombs against Japan. 1997. eBook.

Movie Critque Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Movie Critque - Essay Example Whereas it may seem evident that the theme of racism is ridiculed as being a false and entirely fabricated concept throughout the film, the means by which this is affected is nuanced and not directly straight forward. In this way, the filmmaker is able to create a film that on its surface is about racial prejudice in the deep South while all the time relating a story of personal struggle and sacrifice. For instance, the first of these concepts that the filmmaker greets the viewer with is the harsh realities of life that define the lives of the Tuohy’s as compared to that of Michael Oher and his family. This juxtaposition is useful due to the fact that it is able to bring the viewer face to face with the disconnect that seemingly exists between the two representations of culture that come together within this movie. The message that is therefore conveyed, although not readily apparent to the viewer, is that before chance happenstance brought these individuals together. This tan gential approach to the issue cultural interaction is one that is of course at least subliminally noticed; however, due to the manner in which the issue is broached, the viewer has little knowledge that they have been presented with such a nuanced topic whatsoever. Similarly, a second aspect and topic that is brought to the viewer’s attention is that of race that is covered within the movie is the pervasive fear among white society that since the family now has a black boy living in their house, he must necessarily be a rapist or some other form of criminal. However, rather than give way to such a rampant case of racial bias, the Tuohy family treats young Michael as their own son and do not go to the great lengths of â€Å"protecting† their daughter as the so called â€Å"friends† of the family suggest. Without exhibiting this behavior within the Tuohy family, the filmmaker is able to broach the topic by the conversations that Sandra Bullock’s character h as with her friends around the breakfast table. Finally, the movie approaches the topic of education and achievement as a function of how the Tuohy family work to engage Michael with all of the appropriate tutors and educational advantages that he never experienced before. In this way, the filmmaker is approaching the viewer from a strong position of environment with relation to the age-old argument between environment/culture. Whereas Michael had previously been labeled as learning disabled, he was able to achieve high marks and graduate with distinction due to the efforts that the Tuohy family invested in him. In so doing, the filmmaker is able to engage the audience with the understanding that although the cultural and racial divide that separated Michael from the Tuohy family early in the movie was vast, the correct application of key environmental roles was all that was needed to bridge this wide expanse. In this way, the filmmaker is able to bring unique and nuanced elements o f the ways in which peoples and cultures from different backgrounds

Reintroduction of Wolves Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Reintroduction of Wolves - Research Paper Example While there are some demerits in reintroducing the wolves, the merits far outweigh them. For decades, the native species of North America had been adjusting to the changes in the environment by self sustaining balance of prey, predator and supporting habitat. This ecosystem flourished for many ages without any interference or intervention on the part of humans (Busch, 2007). Yellowstone national park was build with the aim of preserving the wildlife and wilderness in North America. It was discovered by the State of Montana that wolves and other predators were destroying the ecosystem by killing too many game animals such as elk and Moose. There was plan to eliminate them from the area. Due to this, wolves were hunted and killed by wildlife personnel in 1914. The idea of eliminating wolves made them become endangered species which led to the plan to protect and reintroduce them in North America especially in Yellowstone National Park which had favorable habitat for their survival. The controversial reintroduction program has been successful in the sense that wolves are now back in Yellowstone National Park after an absence of more than 50 years. ... es in the Yellowstone National Park started in the year 1995 when wolves were regarded as ‘non-essential, experimental’ population according to article 10(j) of the Endangered Species Act. In addition, this clarification authorized government officials to deal with the problems that wolves posed to the society and it was regarded as series of consensus or compromises of wolf reintroduction pioneers made with the local ranchers and livestock farmers (9news.com). Environmental groups and local industries battled for many years over the Idaho and Yellowstone program of wolf reintroduction efforts. It is important to note that the concept of wolf reintroduction was first presented in the congress in 1966 by a group of biologists who were weary of the high population of elk in Idaho and Yellowstone areas. It can be said that in1926, it was the last year that wolves were officially killed in Yellowstone area and over the succeeding years, the elk population and other prey anim als had tremendously increased thus, posing a threat to new growth vegetation (Philips et al, 1996). This was as a result of removal of key predators in the area. The wolves were on top of the food pyramid but their absence gave the elk population a fertile ground to boom out of control. In the coming year’s species of riparian and aspen cottonwood crashed because of overgrazing. This in turn, affected habitat of other species. Despite the dangers posed to the ecosystem by the absence of wolves, livestock farmers and ranchers were still opposed to the reintroduction of wolves in the area citing problems that wolves will bring to their livestock. Yellowstone National Park is the national park in the U.S where many people visit every year. Conservationists, biologists and local business owners

Commercial Accounting Essay Example for Free

Commercial Accounting Essay Commercial accounting is an accurate account of business transactions, it can only be acquired if both cash and credit transactions are performed, recorded, and recognized in such a way that there can be no duplication and the transactions are recorded under commercial accounting. The system known as double entry book keeping or the commercial accounting system that records both aspects of transactions, also it records credit transactions in cash accounting the day of the receipt. The single entry in accounting for example: there is a sale, where the transaction is complete after the exchange of cash for goods. In commercial accounting the date in which the transaction was made needs to be recorded regardless to whether it was paid or it wasn’t. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles better known as (GAAP) is the collection of standards and practices that are required to be used by business’s to record and present the results of their financial activities and their records of what they owe, established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). These accounting principles are standardized and used for the many private and publicly traded companies in America today. Every economic event within business must be associated with and recorded by a specific entity and business records must not include the personal assets or liabilities of the owner. If an idea holds no impact on a decision maker, investors, or creditors, then the relating (GAAP) principles do not have to be followed. (GAAP) requires the use of accrual basis accounting rather than cash basis accounting, this is imposed on businesses so that investors have a minimum level of consistency in the financial statements they use when analyzing businesses for investment purposes. The accrual basis of accounting over the cash basis of accounting in commercial accounting and generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) is different depending on whether you run a large scale business or a small business. Cash basis is used mostly by small businesses where owners and creditors want a simple way to understand the financial statements and to understand whether there is a profit or loss in the business. Accrual basis is used by large businesses and when revenue is earned expenses are accrued. Cash basis gives you a clear picture of your cash flow, but does not give you a good idea of business in the long term because you are not recording income when it is actually earned. Accrual basis accounting accurately matches your income and expenses and if not managed carefully you could lose track of your actual cash flow, with accrual basis transaction statements they are recorded in which the events occur. You don’t have to wait until you see the money, or actually pay money out of your checking account, to record a transaction. References (Investopedia.com) (Wiley PLUS)

Ethics and Law in the Field of Counseling Essay -- Ethical, Profession

Ethics is the judgement and the moral actions used in interactions with cultures and society and its focus is on the client well-being. Ethics is defined by Remley and Herlihy (2010) in the counseling field as â€Å"professional behavioral and interactions† (p.4). Counselors do rely and are guide by Codes of Ethics. The role and relevance of the ethical principals, the ACA and AMHCA Code of Ethics are the base of the counseling profession. Without them this career would not have a guide on how the professionals should act and react professionally in all the different situations that are faced in this field. However, there are some cases that professionals have to rely on the Law. The Law is different from moral principles and Code of Ethics and its focus is on the legal perspective to protect the professional. The Law is defined by Remley and Herlihy (2010) as â€Å"general or specific regarding both what is required and what is allowed of individuals who from a governmental entity† (p.4). One major example is the Tarasoff and the Duty to Protect which is a law that was created after the case that happened with a university student, Tatiana Tarasoff and her boyfriend. Tarasoff’s parents sue the psychotherapists alleging that the professionals should have warned the student. Because of this case, the law raised a major concern that the confidentiality that professionals should follow according to the ACA and AMHCA Code of Ethics has to be broken when there is an issue that can affect a third party in the situation. Like the AMHCA refers to confidentiality as â€Å"a rig ht granted to all clients of mental health counseling services. From the onset of the counseling relationship, mental health counselors inform clients of these rights inclu... .... Also following a guideline pointed by Saddler (1986 -retrive from Forester-Miller, H., & Davis, T., 1996) counselors should apply the three test in their practice. The test of justice which determines if you would treat others the same in this situation, the publicity test, if you would want your behavior to be known and reported to the public, and the test of universality to ask yourself if you would administer the same action to another counselor in the same situation. With that in mind the professional has to believe that after all of this is achieved the professional is capable to perform the career with an outstanding background and knowledge on how and when to act and perform the social and personal changes that relies on the profession and always having in mind what is more beneficial to the patient in resolving and responding to their ethical conflicts.

Benzodiazepine as a pain medication in emergency settings

Emergency departments frequently come across a wide range of patient with multiple types of presentations. The most common feature among them is pain, which may be acute or chronic. Acute pain can be due to appendicitis, or a gun shot wound, or acute exacerbation of a chronic pain. Chronic pain is usually in the cases of rheumatic arthritis, or cancer patients. Regardless of the type of the pain, the medical personnel are always needed to decide which pain medication is needed for a particular patient.Understanding of individual drugs, their mode of action, their potency, and their possible interactions with the person’s condition or with other drugs is necessary to prevent any adverse consequences of prescribing. There are many pain killer drugs now available in the market. With the rapid progression in the pharmaceutical industry, there is a larger pool for the health care workers to prescribe from, and specification for all types of conditions. The UK government has since t hen put up many guidelines to help practitioners prescribe the right drug.Since many of the drugs are given based on the intensity of the pain described by the patient, the use of pain scales is one of the key instruments in the measurement of pain. The efficacy of these pain measurement scales have been brought into question from time to time. However, up till now, very few if any alternatives have been as useful as this one. Apart from the administration of the pain killer drugs, there are many legal aspects that need to be considered as well. Many patients, when given a certain kind of pain killer drugs, may develop tolerance and addiction to the drugs.Again, there may be patients who may be addicts, and present themselves deliberately to get their â€Å"dose† of the drugs. The recognition of patients who may be developing addiction, or are using hospital as a source of addiction is very important which may require certain corrective and legal measures. Therefore, the admi nistration of painkiller drugs also holds a certain amount of legal perspective as well. Apart from the use of such painkillers, there are many studies and researches that point to the role of various psychotropic drugs in the management of pain.While the association may seem sparse on the up front, patients with pain are frequently agitated and worried, and may require some â€Å"calming of the nerves†. In such patients the use of psychotropic and anti anxiety drugs is considered a good option. There are many researches that now support this theory, and claim that an emergency setting can respond better with appropriate use of these drugs. It is however important to take into consideration the type of pain for which the patient presents with.While acute pain patients may not have a large chance of developing a dependence on the drugs, it is the chronically ill patients that are of more concern. Patients of cancer and arthritis etc. are prescribed with chronic pain medication in accordance with the severity of the pain. Most of these patients are given prescriptions, which may not be maintained or fully monitored. While in the hospital admitted cases, the identification of addiction and dependence patterns can be easily diagnosed and dealt with, the same is not true for patients who are living in homes and receiving their medications their.To address this problem the government again introduced various measures to help control the dispensing of such drugs, and periodic evaluation of such patients at outpatient settings. The administration of pain killer drugs is a measure as well as responsibility of the health care provider. IS PAIN ADEQUATELY MANAGED? Pain is defined as â€Å"an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual and potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage† (Zempsky and Schenchter, 2003) Many physicians feel that pain in the emergency rooms is not treated very well.Studies have shown that pai n is the most common presenting complaint in the emergency department, yet is not so commonly handled or managed. (Sorelle, 2002) Researchers in studies have shown that many times the patients are given the pain medication very late or not at all. However, there are many factors that complicate the situation as simply patient comes, patient receives, and patient leaves. The time it may take for various preliminaries, the history taking and the final decision about whether the patient does need medication are among the various factors that can affect prompt medicine giving.The studies have pointed out the lack of information and lack of management of pain in the systematic manner. These studies therefore point out to the need of a good method of understanding and relieving pain. (Sorelle, 2002) Current pain management strategies recommended include the following: †¢ Introduction of low doses of drugs initially and gradually increase to reach the optimum effect for the patientâ⠂¬â„¢s pain relief. †¢ Combined drug therapy. This helps in reducing the doses of the drugs, and thereby prevents side effects of one drug†¢ Continuous analgesia, which is now being used widely in emergency settings. †¢ Use of behavioral methods along side pharmacological interventions to increase response. (Feinberg, 2004) OPIOID ANALGESICS IN THE MANGEMENT OF PAIN: Centrally acting opioids analgesics are used widely for the remedy of pain in the clinical settings. Tramadol is among the new line of opioids narcotic agents that are used for moderate to severe pain. It acts both as a weak opioids agonist and as an inhibitor of monoamine neurotransmitter reuptake.Both oral and parenteral forms have shown good results in the management of pain. (Scott and Perry, 2000) The advantage of this drug is that there is less dependence to this drug than other opioids. It does not affect the respiratory rate, and has lesser irritation effect on the GIT than other drugs. It also ha s a lesser risk of seizure than other drugs. (Feinberg, 2004) NSAIDS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PAIN: The second most common line of drugs used in this group of medication is the COX 2 inhibitor drugs.These drugs have shown at least similar efficacy in the management of pain when compared to COX non specific drugs. Parecoxib sodium for example, has similar effects to non specific nsaids in the injectable form. These drugs have shown a superior activity to morphine for most measures of analgesic efficacy, and have a prolonged duration of action. (Scott et al,2002) USE OF PAIN SCALES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PAIN SEVERITY Many researches are now questioning the value of the visual analog scales used widely to monitor the level of pain.Bodian et al, (2001) carried out a research to identify the relation between the changes of analgesic intravenous doses with the documentation on the VAS charts by the patients. The study also aimed to find out if watching previous VAS scores by the same patient h ad any influence on the later scoring of the pain. Bodian was able to conclude that â€Å"when pain is an outcome measure in research studies, grouping final VAS scores into a small number of categories provides greater clinical relevance for comparisons than using a full spectrum of measured values or changes in value.Seeing an earlier VAS form has no apparent influence on the later values. † (Bodian et al, 2001) PAIN MANAGEMNET IN CHILDREN: Pain management in children especially neonatal kids was not much debated until in the recent years. However, there are many recent methods that are used to alleviate pain in the recent pediatric settings. These include prevention of pain, where the pain is treated prophylactically. The identification and proper assessment of the pain is another crucial element in the pain management in children.The treatment of pain while initially considered to be limited to only providing analgesics, has recently evolved to include physical methods su ch as massages, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and behavioral methods such as hypnosis, distraction, preparation and rehearsal. (Zempsky and Schechter, 2003) Current child pain management heavily relies on the information received from the parents, and uses them during the pain procedures as a source of comfort to the child.The introduction of painless analgesia technique is another method of inducing cooperation from the patient. And reduction of anxiety, a very important feature in a child is another very important area in the management of pain. (Zempsky and Schechter, 2003) Benzodiazepines are used very widely as sedatives in children with successful results. However, the only problem associated with it is the development of tolerance to it. In such children withdrawal symptoms cause severe distress and the child may express irritability, ataxia, aggression, hallucinations, and twitching.Other symptoms include inconsolable crying, agitation, vomiting, anxiety, hype ractivity, convulsions, tremors, jitterness, poor feeding gagging. The form used in children is midazolam, and is used for a variety of purposes. Their indications include sedation, amnesia, anticonvulsant, and anesthesia. (Bennett, 2001) If benzodiazepines are given to such children for more than 3 days, then these should be weaned off slowly. If the child exhibits withdrawal symptoms, then diazepam, a less intensive benzodiazepine can be given until the effect wears off.(Bennett, 2001) The pain scales used in children include the Oucher Scale, Faces Scale, Poker Chip Tool, Colored Analogue Scale, the Pain Thermometer, Visual Analogue Scale, and the McGill Pain Questionnaire respectively. The most common drugs used in pediatrics include opioids and NSAIDS. Included in the pain management techniques are behavioral approaches such as distraction etc. The current evaluation scales have improved considerably since the last two years, and have improved the outcomes of the pediatric pain management as well.(Zempsky and Schechter, 2003) THE USE OF ADJUVANT ANALGESICS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PAIN. With increased understanding about the various modalities of pain, there are now novel and newer methods introduced in medicine to reduce pain in patients. The use of adjuvant drugs is used to enhance the efficacy of the analgesia and to improve the tolerance to pain. Drugs such as antidepressants, antihypertensives, local anesthetics, and CNS stimulants are widely used as adjuvants to control analgesia and to improve patients’ experience of pain.

Comparison Between Wind and Other Poem

Compare how Wind and one other poem present weakness and strength. The weaknesses and strengths in ‘Wind’ are attempts to portray the diversity of nature and the ongoing sense that nature has by using the present tense. Hughes switches from hard sounds, ‘bang and vanish with a flap’ and ‘black back gull bent like an iron bar’ representing the hard assonance and from this referring back to the harsh storm.However the use of colour in descriptions could symbolize both a negative and a positive, for example, ‘orange sky’ representing the warm colours of summer, also ‘green goblet’ could seem to be related to jealousy however could also be referred to as bright and a symbolic image of summer and the bright colours, linking to the ‘orange sky’. The diversity in ‘below the green corrie’ in terms of portraying weakness and strengths are highlighted through the man and his relationship with nature, it shows the weakness of the writer in terms of competing with nature.In my opinion I believe that not only the writer portrays himself to be the weaker opposition but also can portray the ‘bandit’ like and the ‘swashbuckling’ mountains to eventually be seen as the weaker opponent to another side of nature. For example, ‘a sunshaft had pierced the clouds and their leader’ could represent the light controlling the intimidating mountains and almost converting it to something more hopeful and positive.This could be the sun, the main character in nature, controlling them without choice, this takes away the sense of fear and the negativity of the ‘bandits’ and creates a positive image. Both ‘Wind’ and ‘Below the Green Corrie’ clearly share the same structure in terms of the negative openings to each poem. They both clearly and dynamically highlight the dangerousness of the situations automatically. MacCaig begins with a negative image of ‘the mountains gathered round me like bandits’ which really presents the fearful situation. In contrast to this ‘Wind’ also presents this.Hughes immediately beings with a metaphor, ‘This house has been far out at sea all night’ comparing the house to a boat, ‘at sea’ (isolated), this really emphasises the danger. They both begin presenting their negative images, those that seem to place both in a vulnerable position. ’ The mountains gathered round me’ show the vulnerability of the character, contrasting that ‘this house has been far out at sea’ also shows this, the use of ‘at sea’ creates an image of isolation, placing the so called house in a vulnerable position also.

Different Techniques In Community Service Social Policy Essay Essay Example

Different Techniques In Community Service Social Policy Essay Essay Example Different Techniques In Community Service Social Policy Essay Essay Different Techniques In Community Service Social Policy Essay Essay Community service has been a portion of Palauan tradition since society was established. Ever since so, Palauans have conducted community service in their ain small towns, lending their clip and attempt for the better of the community. This traditional pattern unified people of certain age groups in a community to work and guarantee the care of their community. Elders so taught younger people different techniques in community service. Older work forces taught younger work forces techniques on edifice, doing traditional points, repairing rock waies, and many more. Older adult females taught younger adult females on how to fancify the small town, weave traditional baskets, and many more. This pattern have made the Palauans skilled and trained to carry through many undertakings in their communities. Nowadays, many small towns in Palau do nt implement and carry on traditional modus operandi of community service. Palauans do nt truly believe of cleaning the community or making something for the community. They have been so focused on their occupations and callings that they seem to be tired most of the clip. Weekends are the lone times that they have free and they normally merely desire to loosen up in their places and clean their houses. In most instances, the province workers are the 1s expected to keep the small towns. In an interview with Hirohito Renguul, who is a former work forces s nine President for Mengellang crossroads in the province of Ngarchelong, he stated that money is the most of import issue that people use to maintain them from making community service. Peoples are get downing to believe that it is the province workers occupation to make it so they do nt hold to blow their clip and energy in community service. That s non true and people should be unfastened mind ed and caring plenty to maintain community service in their communities. Work moralss in traditional community service have seemed to slowly dissolve in the Palauan society. Younger work forces and adult females do nt understand the significance of community service these yearss. They are so caught up with their picture games and traveling out with their friends that they do nt believe of community service. Older work forces and adult females have come to believe that it is truly the province s occupation to clean the community so they have forgotten the true significance of community service. They have forgotten the significance of integrity, attention, and love for their community. They have besides forgotten the beauty and what the community truly looks like when it s cleaned. Without the pattern of community service, the traditional values are non reminded. Therefore, Palauans should re-enforce and pattern community service. Community service plays an of import cardinal function in prolonging a healthy and clean environment. There was a clip in Palau before aliens came in, Palau was a peaceable and beautiful topographic point. Peoples worked together in their small town maintaining their places clean and orderly. Unlike today, there were no advanced machines or foreign workers to make the care. Peoples had the simplest man-crafted tools to get the better of extended labour and had much less safety equipment and medical attention. Yet it was the committedness and integrity in people s Black Marias that made all the difficult work possible and successful. When I interviewed Glaudine Gabino, a Youth leader in Melekeok, she talked about how uniting the community gives the people an chance to voice out their thoughts on ways to break the community. This procedure allowed Palauans to work together as a squad and acquire the occupation done. Stone waies and roads were built so good that they stood strong up to this twenty-four hours. Though some of the rocks that were used to construct the rock waies required two people to raise, during the yesteryear it merely took one individual to make it. Not a individual clip did the side of the roads and run intoing house platforms were left unmaintained. Villagers ever kept the small town in a sustained status and kept a good work in making it. In the Volunteers of America Services Fact Sheet, people have to be willing and committed to community service ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.voa.org/Volunteer_Services_Facts ) . In other words, people should care adequate to be able to make their portion in community service good and to the best of their attempts. Community service serves an educational intent for many Palauans. With community service, younger and new to the occupation people can be taught basic accomplishments in working. Older Palauans with experience can learn them techniques in making certain undertakings. Older Palauans can besides learn immature people traditional working moralss and the value of working with others. In an interview with Viola Stephanus, who is a tribunal worker and a community member, she said that â€Å"Community service dedicates a individual to be responsible and cognize his or her responsibility.† These accomplishments allow younger people to hold an apprehension on the importance of community service. It besides enables them to cognize what they are expected to make when they work with others. In the information from Kids Health, community service can learn kids many things. It can learn a kid on how to be responsible, how to pull off their clip good, how to be tolerant of others, giving the ir clip and attempt, larn different occupation accomplishments, learn the importance of doing a difference in the community and many more. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //kidshealth.org/parent/positive/family/volunteer.html # ) . With these possibilities, kids will hold many options in acquisition. Community service promotes wellness and safety to people. It trains people to be cautious and careful when they work with others. When people work together, they ever have to be cognizant of the individual following to them. This consciousness reduces the hazard of fatal hurts or accidents. This pattern helps people to be careful in community service and in their day-to-day lives. When people are at place, they would cognize how to manage tools like knives. They would be excess careful because of their consciousness of hurts that might happen. Bing cautious aid people work in harmoniousness and attention for one another. It besides provides peace because people would work as a squad and they would take attention of one another. Community service besides exercises people s organic structures when they work. All the heavy and difficult work enables people to sudate, firing some of their organic structure fats. This provides people to remain fit and wellness wise Community service base on ballss on traditional values to younger people. In an interview with Harden Hasinto, a community member in Melekeok, he stated that community service allows younger childs to larn how to make a different sort of work. Young work forces will hold the cognition of constructing traditional houses, from the foundation all the manner to the carvings on the walls. They will besides be skilled in seting the rocks in the rock waies to their original topographic point. Young work forces would besides be skilled in the doing traditional canoes such as â€Å"Kabekel, † which is the traditional war canoe, and traditional points such as the â€Å"Ebakl† which is the work forces s adze. These values allow immature work forces to larn and maintain the cognition for future coevalss to come. It helps continue the traditional facets in the Palauan society. Community service helps immature people stay off from problem. It occupies people s heads and organic structures that they stay off from intoxicant, drugs, and sex. With their heads and organic structures on community service, immature people would be excessively tired to follow their equals or they could be excited so they wo nt believe of following their friends out. Presents, immature people that get in problem with the jurisprudence do community service to replace serving clip in juvenile hall. This pattern gives immature kids the chance of sing different sorts of work that are available in Palau. With this newfound manner of supplying for our kids, we know that our kids are able to larn new accomplishments and knowledge about different sorts of work alternatively of them being out tardily someplace. Community service helps keep the beauty of the society. It enables people to keep the cleanliness of the route. Community service allows people to keep the cleanliness of traditional constructions in their small towns. This procedure allows tourers to see the traditional constructions more clearly when they visit the small towns. Community service could supply people to works flowers and trees for the beauty of their small town. When tourers or other people come by, they could see the true beauty of the community. It could besides demo others that the people in the community are united and they care for their ain small town. In the same interview with Viola, she stated that community service is a manner of unifying the people in the community and doing them take attention of their community. It is a procedure for the people to be united, stay united, and traveling frontward as one. Peoples can carry through a batch when they are united and the thought of integrity is really of import in community service because if people were non united, so their work would be either incomplete or the community would be dirty. Community service is another manner for younger people in Palau to larn how to take attention of their community and their state in the hereafter. From an article in A Le Ko Kau Forum, Dr. Stevenson Kuartei stated that â€Å"There must be a national enterprise that is funded to back up such development of young persons as leaders, young persons as citizens, and young persons as true Palauans† ( hypertext transfer protocol: //alekokau.wordpress.com/2007/04/02/youth-and-nation-building/ # more-55. ) This statement, in other words, references what young persons of Palau today should be fixing them for. Our community and the hereafter of our state all depends on the future coevalss of Palau. Young persons should get down today to work hard and larn all they can from seniors and continue that cognition for the hereafter. When all of the seniors have past, it is the young person s occupation to protect and conserve the hereafter of Palau. All of the developments, cleanliness, and th e result of Palau prevarication within the hereafter leaders and people of Palau. It is the right clip now for the young persons of Palau to demo how difficult working they are and how much they care for their state. The younger people are the 1s that should be truly involved in community service for them to larn and take in all the cognition of how to regulate and take attention of a state. Community service is besides free and satisfying for the people. It is fundamentally a individual s pick whether he or she attends the community service or non. In the same interview with Hirohito, he stated that the intent of community service, in the earlier yearss, is that everybody comes together with their tools, they all work, and it s all free. There are no moneys involved because everyone that goes to community service is merely volunteering their clip and attempt. Peoples liked to see the beauty of their community that they did nt mind passing their clip. This pattern proved that people before had non much work to make and they took pride in traveling to community service. When all of the people in a community combined to work, they can do a large advancement in one twenty-four hours. Peoples before were really united and they really much cared for their community. They were satisfied for their attempt and advancement in the community and they did nt truly anticipate anybody or any authorities bureau to clean their small town for them. They loved their community and they wanted to clean it for their ain liking. Therefore, community service should be re-enforced and practiced in the Palau. From FCCLA web site, â€Å"Community service helps immature people build accomplishments for household, calling, and community functions ; provides youth-centered larning experiences related to Family and Consumer Sciences instruction ; and encourages immature people to develop the positive character traits of trustiness, regard, duty, equity, lovingness, and citizenship† ( http: //www.fcclainc.org/content/community-service/ ) . This explains that community service is helpful for the society, the people, and the preserving of traditional values. Community service improves immature people s acquisition, apprehension, and working accomplishments every bit good as a readying for future leading. It provides an chance to advance healthy exercisings, abstention for immature people, beautification of the small town, instruction for immature people, and continuing Palau s traditions. From the patterns of th e earlier yearss, community service could be viewed as a consolidative construction for people and to supply a manner for people to take pride and attention for their communities and their state. Community service is an of import facet of Palauan people and the hereafter of Palau. It should truly be preserved and passed on to coming coevalss for their accomplishments, cognition, and a true gustatory sensation of Palau.

US Foreign Policy and Nuclear Proliferation Research Paper

US Foreign Policy and Nuclear Proliferation - Research Paper Example An examination of the US foreign policy in modern times highlights the significant role of nuclear weapons. The reason is that nuclear weapons constitute an important part in the achievement of the United States foreign policy and defense policy goals. There are two arguments that rationalize this. First, is that nuclear weapons are seen as valuable instruments of statecraft and the foundation of global stability by serving as a deterrent to a wide range of threats. Secondly, the American Cold War policy still has its imprint on modern foreign policy particularly in regard to the emphasis on the importance of being ready to deliver a quick and massive attack against opposing nuclear forces. According to a Harvard Nuclear Study Group: [The United States] wants from them many of the same things it wants from its conventional military forces. The basic goal is to protect the security of the United States and its allies from attack or coercion by a hostile power. Nuclear weapons should serve that primary purpose. (Carnesale & the Harvard Nuclear Security Group 134) During the Cold War nuclear weapons is at the center of the American security strategies. The US, as part of this strategy, developed large, diverse and dispersed nuclear forces that were maintained at high alert levels. The officially stated rationales for these forces were to deter the Soviet Union from attacking the United States and its allies with either conventional or nuclear weapons. The disintegration of the Soviet Union after the Cold War changed the nuclear policy due to three fundamental factors: 1) the likelihood of all-out war between the United States and Russia has drastically diminished; 2) the increase in regional conflicts no longer calls for nuclear deterrence; and, 3) the conventional forces are sufficient to deal with potential adversaries. (National Academy of Sciences 16-18) And

Healthcare tourism Dubai versus London Research Paper

Healthcare tourism Dubai versus London - Research Paper Example Market Penetration Market experts have predicted a massive projection in the market share of Dubai in the global medical tourism market. It has been reported that in 2010, the total value of the medical tourism industry was to shoot up seven percent in comparison with 2009. It was expected that the total value of the market by the end of 2010 would be Dh 6.1 Billion. Further, in 2014, the government approved the Dubai Medical Tourism Strategy. This suggests the dedicated aggressive marketing done by the industry to have increased presence in the market. It is interesting to note that in the initial years of establishment of the concept of medical tourism, UAE was considered more as a consumer than a service provider. The paradigm shift in the scenario suggests market penetration as an intensive strategy. â€Å"The healthcare services market in the GCC is expected to grow from AED 66 billion (US $18 billion) in 2008 to AED 175-202 billion (US $47-55 billion) by 2020† . Market Development It has been reported that in 2010, Dubai Health Authority entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with Medical Tourism partners across the globe to fortify Dubai’s presence as major medical tourism destination. Dubai hosted the Medical Tourism Congress in 2011. These steps could be analyzed as market development intensive strategies of the Dubai medical tourism industry. There has been substantial improvement in healthcare infrastructure and technology and focused changes in the policies and regulations so as to comply with the market development strategies. Dubai has an investment friendly environment. It has established Health Care Free Zones (Tax free trade zones) and Health Cities.